Pinning to Use Enemy Weakness Against Your Opponent
We all have weaknesses that can either be strengthened or taken advantaged of by others. In chess, pinpointing the enemy's weaknesses is a major advantage. One way of exploiting a weakness is through pinning in chess. Pinning is when a weak piece of the enemy stands between our checking piece and a higher enemy piece.
In many instances, even the enemy queen becomes a weakness when standing between its king and our well supported pinning piece. If the pinning piece is a rook supported by a pawn or a knight, and the enemy has no other option but to sacrifice the queen to protect the king, the best thing for the opponent is to capture our rook; at least the enemy gains a rook rather than just letting our rook take the queen without a fight. And after we have taken the queen the enemy king stands checked by our rook.
Pinning is a good strategy even without major pieces involved. With our bishop we may pin enemy bishops and knights in a diagonal line, or knights and pawns, or bishops and pawns. The key is always to look for enemy pieces in line horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. With our rook we can pin pieces lined horizontally or vertically. With our bishop, those in line diagonally. And with our queen, those in line in any direction. Short ranged pieces like knights, pawns, and kings don't have pinning abilities.
Pinning in chess can be countered in a number of ways. Blocking the checking path with a defended ally piece is one. Checking an enemy piece higher in rank than the pinned piece is another. For instance, the enemy bishop, backed by a pawn, checks our queen to pin our rook. We may opt to move the queen to check the enemy king, if this is possible. Or have another piece do the same. This will frustrate the attempted pin to our rook.
We may also opt to have the threatened pieces defending each other so the pin check of the enemy becomes useless. Like when a rook checks both our knights in line vertically, we may move one knight such that they defend each other, leaving the enemy rook with nothing to capture for free.
Pinning in chess is a clever way of turning even strong pieces into liabilities for the enemy. The enemy has no alternative but to leave one piece to capture to save a more higher valued piece.
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